This chapter examines the Brazilian government responses to the health crisis, covering the first year of the pandemic. In the re-democratization process, intergovernmental relations changed, starting from the decline of authoritarian rule and culminating in the new 1988 Constitution, when Brazil returned to a cooperative federalism after years of institutional darkness under the military dictatorship. Since the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries have implemented health strategies to prevent the further spread of the virus, requiring each one of them to respond with multiple efforts to prevent illness and death. The failed response to COVID-19 pandemic is not only due to the lack of adoption of the health protocols established by the WHO. Brazil’s disastrous approach incentivized the spread of COVID-19 among its own population with an anti-science-based approach to combat COVID-19, poor management, confusing public statements, and a very adversarial approach to the media.