title: Real-time registration of paper watermarks creator: Whelan, Paul F. creator: Soille, Pierre creator: Drimbarean, Alexandru subject: computer vision; image analysis; Machine vision; Defect detection; Watermarks description: The aim of this article is to outline the issues involved in the application of machine vision to the automatic extraction and registration of watermarks from continuous web paper. The correct identification and localisation of watermarks are key issues in paper manufacturing. As well as requiring the position of the watermark for defect detection and classification, it is necessary to insure its position on the paper prior to the cutting process. Two paper types are discussed, with and without laid and chain lines(these lines appear as a complex periodic background to the watermark and further complicate the segmentation process). We will examine both morphological and Fourier approaches to the watermark segmentation process, concentrating specifically on those images with complex backgrounds. Finally we detail a system design suitable for real-time implementation. publisher: Elsevier date: 2001 type: Article type: PeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en relation: http://doras.dcu.ie/18821/1/whelan_2001_143.pdf relation: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rtim.2000.0239 identifier: http://doras.dcu.ie/18821/ source: Whelan, Paul F. and Soille, Pierre and Drimbarean, Alexandru (2001) Real-time registration of paper watermarks. Real-Time Imaging, 7 (4). pp. 367-380. ISSN 1077-2014 rights: © 2001 Elsevier rights: This item is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License.