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Thermally controlled growth of carbon onions within porous graphitic carbon-detonation nanodiamond monolithic composites

Duffy, E., He, Xiaoyun, Nesterenko, Ekaterina ORCID: 0000-0002-5010-9755, Brabazon, Dermot ORCID: 0000-0003-3214-6381, Dey, Aparajita ORCID: 0000-0003-1429-6861, Nesterenko, Pavel ORCID: 0000-0002-9997-0650 and Paull, Brett (2015) Thermally controlled growth of carbon onions within porous graphitic carbon-detonation nanodiamond monolithic composites. RSC Advances, 29 . pp. 22906-22915. ISSN 2046-2069

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Abstract

Unique porous carbon monoliths containing thermally annealed carbon onions, were prepared from a resorcinol formaldehyde precursor rod, containing silica gel acting as a hard template, detonation nanodiamond, and Fe3+ as a graphitisation catalyst. Detonation nanodiamond was converted to carbon onions during controlled pyrolysis under N2, where the temperature cycle reached a maximum of 1250 C. Thermal characterisation and high resolution electron microscopy have confirmed the graphitisation of nanodiamond, and revealed the resulting quasi-spherical carbon onions with an average particle size of 5.24 nm. The bimodal porous composite contains both macropores (5 mm) and mesopores (10 nm), with a BET surface area of 214 m2g for a nanodiamond prepared monolith (0.012 wt% nanodiamond in the precursor mixture), approximately twice that of blank monoliths, formed without the addition of nanodiamond, thus providing a new approach to increase surface area of such porous carbon rods. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy also confirmed an enhanced graphitisation of the monolithic carbon skeleton resulting from the elevated thermal conductivity of the added nanodiamond. TEM imaging has confirmed the nanodiamond remains intact following pyrolysis at temperatures up to 900 C.

Item Type:Article (Published)
Refereed:Yes
Subjects:Engineering > Materials
Engineering > Mechanical engineering
DCU Faculties and Centres:Research Initiatives and Centres > Irish Separation Science Cluster (ISSC)
Publisher:Royal Society of Chemistry
Official URL:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5RA00258C
Copyright Information:CC-BY
Use License:This item is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License. View License
ID Code:21105
Deposited On:29 Feb 2016 14:14 by Fran Callaghan . Last Modified 29 Jun 2022 11:05

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