This report draws on a variety of methods to help with the Electoral Commission’s aims to deepen our understanding of the role of posters, how they affect political engagement, and their environmental impact. We used data gathered from the Commission’s public consultation, two sets of opinion poll questions related to public attitudes towards posters, four focus groups with 38 participants, 26 interviews with those involved in politics, and data relating to expenditure on posters in the 2024 general election. We also commissioned a life-cycle assessment to quantify some of the environmental impact of poster use in an election, and also consider it relative to digital campaigning.