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An analysis of the protective effects of Selenium on porcine jejunal epithelial cells following Cadmium-induced oxidative DNA damage

Lynch, Sarah (2019) An analysis of the protective effects of Selenium on porcine jejunal epithelial cells following Cadmium-induced oxidative DNA damage. PhD thesis, Dublin City University.

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Abstract

The increasing global demand for cheap, available protein has resulted in substandard animal feeds which generally lack essential minerals and often contain toxic levels of heavy metals. Cd is a bio-toxic heavy metal and exposure causes DNA strand breakage, mutations and inhibition of DNA synthesis. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that possesses antioxidant properties. In this study, the potential ameliorative effects of various Se sources on Cd induced damage were investigated. The impact of several forms of Se supplementation on cell viability and DNA damage in porcine primary jejeunal (IPEC-J2) cells following Cd exposure was analysed. It was observed that Se protective effects were both composition- and dose-dependent, with organic (Se-M) and Se yeast (Se-Y) affording the highest level of protection from Cd-induced oxidized DNA damage while inorganic Se exhibited cytotoxic effects. The potential mechanism(s) of action of Se-Y sources on Cd-induced damage were then compared. Thus, the antioxidant activity, the extent of apoptosis-associated DNA fragmentation, the DNA repair capacity and the transcriptome of IPEC-J2 cells were analysed following pre-incubation with each of three different commercial Se-Y preparations. The data obtained confirmed the ability of different Se-Y preparations to enhance a range of cellular mechanisms that protected IPEC-J2 cells and clearly illustrated the difference in bioefficiency of different Se-Y sources. Overall, the results presented are relevant to the Agri-Food industry, illustrating the negative impact of traditional inorganic Se supplementation and highlighting the significant benefits to using Se-Y in animal feed products for the protection of intestinal cells against Cd induced oxidative DNA damage.

Item Type:Thesis (PhD)
Date of Award:November 2019
Refereed:No
Supervisor(s):Walls, Dermot and White, Blánaid and Horgan, Karina
Subjects:Biological Sciences > Biotechnology
DCU Faculties and Centres:DCU Faculties and Schools > Faculty of Science and Health > School of Biotechnology
DCU Faculties and Schools > Faculty of Science and Health > School of Chemical Sciences
Use License:This item is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. View License
Funders:Alltech
ID Code:23519
Deposited On:25 Nov 2019 09:35 by Dermot Walls . Last Modified 04 Dec 2019 13:36

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