Today’s world has become increasingly linked, digitized, distributed, and diverse, powered by the exponential growth in technology performance. Business mobile users will continue to expect immediate and high-performance connectivity anywhere, anytime, and on any device over public 4G and 5G networks. Increasing video usage and the emergence of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality for improved collaboration, training, productivity, and remote working experiences will place greater demands on any organization’s network. In all this context, there is a need for the network to be updated to encourage emerging market and technological developments and support traffic associated with extra peak hours that occur during the day, mainly due to workplace shifts from office to home. One of the most promising approaches to fulfilling this role is the consideration of Heterogenous Network (HetNet) environments in 5G networks. HetNets advantages include 1) Improving coverage quality, 2) Enhancing the cell-edge UEs performance, 3) Boosting spectral efficiency and energy efficiency, and 4) Reducing network operational and capital expenditures. They are also associated with many challenges like 1) how to select the best BS for UEs, 2) how would extend the network infrastructure while limiting the power consumption usage. In this work, significant efforts are being put to address these challenges and designing optimized solutions to ensure high QoS and user Quality of Experience (QoE), as well as excellent resource utilization and fair UE association with the network infrastructure. This work generally considers end-to-end high-resolution video streaming with background traffic such as VoIP. It makes the following four major contributions. First, the Quality Efficient Femtocell Offloading Scheme (QEFOS), which mitigates the effect of interference and improves QoS and QoE in a macro/femto two-tier network environment, is introduced. Secondly, we propose Reduced Search Space Simulated Annealing (RS3A) and Performance Improved Reduced Search Space Simulated Annealing (P IRS3A), two novel algorithms for User Allocation (UA)-Resource Allocation (RA) in HetNets that focus on optimal UE selection with reduced complexity and low processing time. Thirdly, an innovative RA algorithm for IM based on graph coloring techniques is proposed to improve QoS and inter-user fairness. Next, we proposed a Power Performance Improved Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (P 2EAGA) application that solves the UA-RA-Power Allocation (PA) problem with a novel Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (AGA). Finally, this work also includes a comprehensive survey on Radio Resource Management in 5G HetNets with current solutions, future trends, and open issues. The proposed 5G HetNets solutions utilize real-time network conditions like channel conditions, load on BS, UE requirements, and Resource and Power capacity of BS to achieve improved data transmission in terms of high QoS and excellent QoE. The proposed solutions were evaluated through extensive trace-driven simulation oriented testing against the closest state-of-the-art works. The in-depth analysis verifies the proposed solutions’ success in achieving improved QoS and QoE while considering different context scenarios with various parameters.