Lasers have become irreplaceable devices in modern medicine and dentistry, covering a wide range of applications every day. Laser micro- and nano-processing are an important part of production and development (fabrication, integration, and assembly) of dental devices. They are also utilised as tools for diagnostics and treatments. Their usage has increased significantly given that laser devices are now much more inexpensive yet precise processing tools that can structure materials with a high degree of control, precision, and reduced residual impairment. However, there are still roadblocks for laser-based systems (such as temperature build-up effects, melting, burr formation, and cracking). Typically, only a limited number of materials are compatible with each laser device. The precise mechanism of laser irradiation and laser–biological material interaction is also not fully understood, which presents some barriers in their application.