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ChatGPT Needs SPADE (Sustainability, PrivAcy, Digital divide, and Ethics) Evaluation: A Review

Khowaja, Sunder Ali orcid logoORCID: 0000-0002-4586-4131, Khuwaja, Parus, Dev, Kapal, Parus, Weizheng and Nkenyereye, Lewis (2024) ChatGPT Needs SPADE (Sustainability, PrivAcy, Digital divide, and Ethics) Evaluation: A Review. Cognitive Computation, 16 . pp. 2528-2550.

ChatGPT is another large language model (LLM) vastly available for the consumers on their devices but due to its performance and ability to converse effectively, it has gained a huge popularity amongst research as well as industrial community. Recently, many studies have been published to show the effectiveness, efficiency, integration, and sentiments of chatGPT and other LLMs. In contrast, this study focuses on the important aspects that are mostly overlooked, i.e. sustainability, privacy, digital divide, and ethics and suggests that not only chatGPT but every subsequent entry in the category of conversational bots should undergo Sustainability, PrivAcy, Digital divide, and Ethics (SPADE) evaluation. This paper discusses in detail the issues and concerns raised over chatGPT in line with aforementioned characteristics. We also discuss the recent EU AI Act briefly in accordance with the SPADE evaluation. We support our hypothesis by some preliminary data collection and visualizations along with hypothesized facts. We also suggest mitigations and recommendations for each of the concerns. Furthermore, we also suggest some policies and recommendations for EU AI policy act concerning ethics, digital divide, and sustainability.
Item Type:Article (Published)
Refereed:Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords:ChatGPT · Large language models · Sustainability · Ethics · Privacy · Digital divide
Subjects:Computer Science > Artificial intelligence
Computer Science > Computer engineering
DCU Faculties and Centres:DCU Faculties and Schools > Faculty of Engineering and Computing
DCU Faculties and Schools > Faculty of Engineering and Computing > School of Computing
Publisher:Springer Nature
Official URL:https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12559-0...
Copyright Information:Authors
ID Code:30694
Deposited On:28 Jan 2025 12:01 by Vidatum Academic . Last Modified 28 Jan 2025 12:01

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