The transition towards next-generation communication technologies has increased the need for accurate knowledge about the wireless channel. Knowledge of radio wave propagation is vital to the continued development of efficient wireless communications systems capable of providing a high data throughput and reliable connection. Thus, there is an increased need for accurate propagation models that can rapidly predict and describe the propagation channel. This is extremely challenging for indoor environments given the large variety of materials encountered and very complex and widely varying geometries.Currently, empirical or ray optical models are the most common for indoor propagation. Empirical models based on measurement campaigns provide limited accuracy, are very costly and time-consuming but provide rapid predictions. Deterministic models are applied to the geometrical representation of the environment and are based on Maxwell’s equations. They can produce more accurate predictions than empirical models. Ray tracing, an approximate model, is the most popular deterministic model for indoor propagation. The current trend of research is focused on improving its accuracy. Full-wave propagation models are based on the numerical solution of Maxwell’s equations. They are able to produce accurate predictions about the wireless channel. However, they are very computationally expensive. Thus, there has been limited attempts at developing indoor propagation models based on full-wave techniques. In this work, the Volume Electric Field Integral Equation (VEFIE) is used as the basis of a full-wave indoor propagation model. The 2D and 3D formulations of the VEFIE are applied to model the propagation of radio waves indoors. An enhancement to the 2D VEFIE, called 2D to 3D models, is developed to improve its accuracy and utilise its efficiency. It is primarily used for the prediction of time domain characteristics due to its high efficiency whereas the 3D VEFIE is shown to be suitable for frequency domain predictions.