Crawley, Aoife (2019) The generation of flexible antibody constructs for the diagnosis and targeted treatment of pancreatic cancer. PhD thesis, Dublin City University.
Abstract
This research project exploits the design flexibility of recombinant antibodies (rAbs)
coupled with selective biomarkers to improve diagnosis and treatment approaches of the
most common pancreatic cancer, known as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
PDAC is a malignancy with almost a 100% mortality rate, as a result of resistance to
chemotherapy and very inadequate diagnostic methods. A panel of recombinant scFv
antibody fragments, specific for the selected biomarkers, anterior gradient 2 (AGR2),
mesothelin (MSLN), and mucin 1 (MUC1) were generated for use to improve the
diagnosis of PDAC. Additionally, a bispecific T-cell engager was created for potential
targeted treatment.
Initially, a murine-derived Capan-1 specific scFv library with a serum antibody titre of
1/200,000 was generated, following immunisation with the pancreatic cancer cell line,
Capan-1, which expressed the biomarkers of interest. Library screening was carried out
using MSLN expressed in HEK293 cells, following transfection with a MSLN-containing
plasmid, and a MSLN-specific scFv was successfully isolated. The resulting scFv were
characterised as a immunohistochemistry-based antibodies for the detection of MSLN in
tumour tissue and found to have a working concentration of 1/500 when analysed by
western and dot blots.
The human naïve library, Tomlinson I and J, was employed for the isolation of scFv
specific to MUC1 and AGR2. Functional specific scFv for both antigens were found
through panning with purified MUC1 and AGR2 proteins.
A CD3ɛ-specific scFv with a limit of detection of 20 pg/mL was isolated from an
available library derived from an appropriately immunised avian host.
A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) was constructed using the anti-CD3ɛ scFv and a
previously generated anti-HER2 scFv with the ability to detect down to 10pg/mL of
HER2 in human serum. Two proof-of-concept methods of BiTE construction, employing
PCR and cloning techniques are described. The binding abilities of the BiTE to each
antigen individual and in dual format was evaluated. The generated BiTE successfully
showed the ability to bind to both antigens simultaneously in ELISA format .
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