Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been regulated as priority pollutants since the 1970’s. Since then, there has been increasing recognition that oxygenated PAH transformation products may present a greater risk than parent PAH. This is a concern for soil remediation sites where formation of oxygenated PAH can be accelerated. Currently, routine monitoring is challenged due to a lack of standard analytical protocols. This thesis applies new analytical methods to investigate the formation and distribution of oxygenated PAH in contaminated soil-water systems under different remediation scenarios. High performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry were used to investigate the effect of lignin phenol amendments on PAH transformation processes in a simulated soil-water system. Samples with highest PAH attenuation were characterised by increased utilisation of lignin phenols and distinct patterns of oxygenated PAH removal/formation, suggesting a potential approach to enhance PAH biodegradation. Challenges for analysing soilbound oxygenated PAH were addressed through the development of a novel aminopropylsilica solid phase extraction method. Strong recoveries of ketone- and hydroxyl-modified PAH were obtained, and the method also supported limited qualitative analysis for acid and aldehyde products. In addition, contamination level and clay content were shown to influence recovery of targeted compounds from different soils. Combining analytical methods for total extractable, leachate, and readily available soil fractions, the distribution of oxygenated PAH in gasworks soils undergoing remediation was monitored over a six-month period. Biochar, compost, and no amendment treatments were compared for effects on contaminant degradation/formation, and contaminant lability. It was shown that the biochar amendment was most likely to increase, and compost amendment most likely to decrease, risks associated with oxygenated PAH in these soils. Together, these studies show how new analytical techniques for the detection of oxygenated PAH can be used to enhance remediation science and support decision making at remediation sites.