The Republic of Ireland has undergone a dramatic transformation in economic and social terms in the last ten to fifteen years. This transformation, popularly characterised as the Celtic Tiger, has had many beneficial impacts on many parts of Irish life. A consequence of this phenomenon has been a considerable increase in inward migration from a range of countries within and beyond Europe whose populations see Ireland as a place of continuing growth and opportunity. This inward migration has partly been fuelled by the Irish Government’s decision to allow free movement of labour into Ireland from the ten new EU accession states. Key areas of Irish life such as transport and communication infrastructure, health service provision, and education have been slow to accommodate to the ensuing rise in the rate of inward migration which resulted from the Government’s decision. This paper will focus particularly on Citizenship and Identity Education in the context of these changes.