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‘[K]neeling only goes to highlight your ignorance. England is NOT! a #racist country’: aversive racism, colour-blindness, and racist temporalities in discussions of football online

Doidge, Mark orcid logoORCID: 0000-0002-6858-3914, Rodrigo-Jusue, Itoiz, Black, Jack orcid logoORCID: 0000-0002-1595-5083, Fletcher, Thomas orcid logoORCID: 0000-0002-4618-5480, Sinclair, Gary orcid logoORCID: 0000-0002-2181-7736, Rosati, Pierangelo orcid logoORCID: 0000-0002-6070-0426, Kearns, Colm orcid logoORCID: 0000-0001-6819-8488, Kilvington, Daniel orcid logoORCID: 0000-0003-3361-0860, Liston, Katie orcid logoORCID: 0000-0003-3898-0166 and Lynn, Theo orcid logoORCID: 0000-0001-9284-7580 (2024) ‘[K]neeling only goes to highlight your ignorance. England is NOT! a #racist country’: aversive racism, colour-blindness, and racist temporalities in discussions of football online. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 50 (20). pp. 5067-5084. ISSN 1369-183X

Abstract
Drawing on theories of aversive racism and colour-blindness, which stress the invisibility of contemporary racism, this article analyses online discussions on taking the knee (TTK) during EURO2020 men’s football tournament. While highly visible racist abuse directed at Black English players after losing the final to Italy (dominative racism) received most public attention and repudiation, based on 6,850 English language tweets published on Twitter/X, this article shows how subtle racism and colour-blindness were reinforced in discussions around TTK over the duration of the tournament (aversive racism). The article also shows how individuals online developed a variety of strategies (evidence, othering, critique, and activism) to challenge the main arguments against anti-racist activism in football (identified in four themes: BLM, Marxism, virtue signalling, and woke). The article makes an original contribution by examining the changing intensity of online conversations on TTK over the duration of the tournament. Our analysis identifies key moments in the tournament, political elites’ rhetoric, and trends of success and failure as relevant factors that shaped vernacular conversations online. The discussion ultimately argues that investigating the temporal patterns of public discussions on (anti)racism provides valuable insights to understand the contemporary complexity of racism in football and society more broadly.
Metadata
Item Type:Article (Published)
Refereed:Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords:Aversive racism; colour-blindness; take the knee; anti-racism; social media
Subjects:Social Sciences > Racism
Social Sciences > Ethnicity
DCU Faculties and Centres:DCU Faculties and Schools > DCU Business School
Publisher:Taylor & Francis
Official URL:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13691...
Copyright Information:Authors
ID Code:32811
Deposited On:30 Jun 2026 13:58 by Tam Nguyen . Last Modified 30 Jun 2026 13:58
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