Formative works in descriptive translation studies assert that language power relations – asymmetries between the “status” or “prestige” of source languages (SLs) and target languages (TLs) – broadly determine translations’ linguistic features (Baker 1996, 183; Toury 2012, 314). To date, these claims have not been tested in any systematic, empirical investigation involving a variety of languages and linguistic features. The central research question addressed by this doctoral thesis is thus whether translations from comparatively higher-status SLs tend to exhibit higher levels of SL influence, conceptualized as interference and foreignization. The project applies comparable corpus methodology. It constructs a corpus of literary prose from the late 19th and early 20th century, where texts are either translated into or originally composed in English, French, German, Italian, Swedish, Croatian, or Irish. Using a novel method of assessing language status developed from Lewis and Simons’ (2010) EGIDS model, the relative status for each selected language is expressed ordinally and synchronically. The thesis subsequently conducts corpus-based studies measuring the potential association between SL status and SL influence on the lexical, syntactic, and paratextual features of translations. Lexical interference is operationalized as the relative frequency (RF) of loanwords originating in the SL and attributable to the translator. Syntactic interference is operationalized using a novel metric called the syntactic interference/normalization coefficient (SINC), which measures the extent to which a translation’s RF distribution of part-of-speech (POS) n-grams resembles those of comparable SL and TL texts. Paratextual foreignization is operationalized as the RF of translator-attributed footnotes and endnotes. The studies test for the hypothesized positive association between SL status and each of the aforementioned response variables using the Kendall rank correlation coefficient. Finally, the results of the three studies are synthesized to determine whether there is a positive association between SL status and SL influence on translations’ linguistic properties.